The emergence of the world-picture and the knowledge and culture derived from it involves an essential decision about beings as a whole. Is bias inevitable in the production of knowledge? Your response to this prompt will depend on the areas of knowledge that you choose your objects/images from. the technological. Whence means from where, when and speaks of the origins of the thing in question. (See particularly the comments by Heisenberg in the blogs on The Natural Sciences.). We have, of course, film critics, art critics etc. We do not have certainty regarding our knowledge of nature, but we do have dependability and we can count on the results we achieve through our inquiring and experimentation. What is the knowledge the lack of which is an indication of our madness? From where do these obligations stem? https://wordpress.com/block-editor/post/mytok.blog/3676, https://mytok.blog/2019/11/30/ct-1-perspectives-woks/. This exhibition (done in 11th grade) was about how new equipment in the music industry was preliminary for the "SoundCloud Rap" era in hip-hop. New knowledge can change established values and beliefs in many different ways. The word expert derives from expertise or know how and this kind of knowledge is what the Greeks called techne. A discussion of the various types of knowledge is given here: https://wordpress.com/block-editor/post/mytok.blog/3676. This calculus also determines how we view a work of art and gives rise simultaneously, during the 17th and 18th centuries, to the theory of aesthetics, how we view, define and subsequently speak about art and beauty. These have to do with communities. Historicism denies this truth and it asserts that there is no truth outside of the historical contexts from which it has been produced. Our doubt and skepticism, on the other hand, is spurred by the requirement of giving sufficient reasons for a things being what and how it is, and should these not be given, then the thing is not. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . These are written about at length in other entries in this blog and reviewing them might be helpful with your Exhibition under this prompt. The ignorance cannot be eliminated with definite bits of knowledge; it cannot be something that provides or produces a definite stock of objective knowledge and provides definite objective ways of knowing things. The question here is what is meant by objectivity? . can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects CT 1: Introduction to Theory of Knowledge: Knowledge and the Knower; 10. Our science as the theory of the real is just such a belief. Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs? Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs? no knowledge is permanent, and this is quite contrary to how the Greeks understood knowledge as in sophia and episteme; they understood that some things are permanent. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); https://anchor.fm/john-rick-butler/episodes/Introduction-to-Theory-of-Knowledge-An-Alternative-Approach-er4qvq, https://anchor.fm/john-rick-butler/episodes/CT-1-Basic-Concepts-equfll, CT 1: Knowledge and the Knower: Historical Background, CT: The Exhibition: A Glossary of Prompts, The Assault on Truth: Real Life Situations (RLS)Observations, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Introduction, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Dewey and Education, OT 4: Knowledge and Religion: Christianity: Thoughts on the Lords Prayer, The Natural Sciences as an Area of Knowledge, The Natural Sciences: Historical Background, Notes on Ancient Greek Philosophy and Modern Science, Darwin and Nietzsche: Part II: The Essence of Truth as Representation, Darwin and Nietzsche Part IV: Metaphysics as Logic: The Grounds of the Principle of Reason. The belief of the first type is axiomaticin that it is based upon first principles or self-evident truths. This reign of the object as material thing, as the genuine substructure of all things, reaches into the area that we call the spiritual; into the sphere of the meaning and significance of language, of history, of the work of art, and all of the areas of knowledge of TOK. Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. 9. The projecting of analogies or models is part of the erecting of a framework from which you will demonstrate how you have viewed the objects/images present and show them in a new light (possibly) to others. Obviously, the societies of which we are members determine what knowledge is and what types of knowledge will be considered valuable. The demands of the principle of rendering sufficient reasons creates the lack of clarity and confusion in our actions, our ethics. and feel more politically effective in influencing people to politics are politically active. If sufficient reasons are not given, we doubt the truth of the claim being made. That things are exactly measurable: this is a priori for mathematical physics, and this is what counts for mathematical physics. Both doubt and skepticism were requirements for beginning thinking. Technology is that violence that is asserted upon nature which demands reasons for a beings being the way it is. The Natural Sciences as an Area of Knowledge: We might begin a response to this prompt by saying that if there are things then they are knowable by the very fact of their being a thing. Notice the relation to prompt #1 and prompt #3: usefulness is that knowledge which may be counted on and relied on and, thus, may be found in our mathematical physics, etc. 32. r/IBO. Adequate is a synonym for sufficient, so evidence is considered adequate when sufficient reasons are provided for the judgements that are made; and when these are provided, they are considered good evidence. What is a value? In asking the question why do we seek knowledge, we are asking what is the reason that our being is grounded in the principle of reason. Although dialectic is now considered a complex philosophical term, in its original sense it could mean nothing more than a discussion among friends at Starbucks over coffee. The Greek polis is not properly understood as a culture, and we do not translate Platos Republic, for instance, as Platos Culture, yet the discussions in that dialogue are what we would understand as culture. The choice of the prompt is crucial for the outcome or product that you will produce or bring forth and hold forth upon. To what extent is objectivity possible in the production or acquisition of knowledge? Our tragic literature and our art, generally, demonstrate that there might not be as great a separation between theory and practice as we have been led to believe.Socrates once said that the opposite of knowledge is not ignorance, but madness and he demonstrated this in the figure of the tyrant for whom and in whom all sense ofothernesshas disappeared. From world-views and world-pictures is determined what and how we understand what our personal and shared knowledge are to be. Judgement itself is nottruth; judgement is only true when the reason for the connection is specified, when theratioor account is given. Culture is a 19th century word and has come to prominence with the arrival and dominance of the Human Sciences as a way of viewing the world. are also objects that could come under consideration with this prompt. Opinion is not a seeking for knowledge but is something someone already has whether it be true or false because an opinion can be true or false. what counts as good evidence. Can new knowledge change establish values or beliefs? What counts as experience at a given period depends on a prior interpretation of the world that is not itself derived from or vulnerable to experience. The bias in the production of knowledge will be determined by the ends that have been chosen which will, in turn, determine the methods in which those ends will be achieved, usually unethical ones. A good explanation, like good evidence, provides reasons for the answers to the questions whence, why and how. isabellas brunch menu . Once again remember that technology is the theory not merely the instruments that technology has produced i.e. Such a definition is correct to a point. (about 100 words) In the Theory of Knowledge exhibition, I will be talking about the three objects of my choice and the prompt I have linked them to. In exploring the word culture, we must understand that world-view and world-picture are not interchangeable as to their meanings. In doing so, you will be viewing technology as instrumentality. 8. The a priori and its priority will be interpreted by you in accordance with your conception of the thinghood of the things or images you have chosen and your understanding of the being of beings or things in general. It is the unity of a subject with its predicate and the support for their being connected is the basis or ground of the judgement and provides justification for the judgement. Human being projects itself in its own project. Modern science is applied technology, not technology as applied science. In your discussion, defining counts and knowledge will be crucial as well as demonstrating how the images you have chosen illustrate your interpretations of these key terms. I have written extensively on this topic of personal knowledge on this blog site and recommend that you view the following links to find possible approaches in narrowing your focus on this broad topic: CT 1 Knowledge and the Knower: Empowerment; CT 1: Introduction to Theory of Knowledge: Knowledge and the Knower; CT 1: Self-Knowledge and Ethics. To count can be understood as what is a priori in the project, such as your Exhibition itself. Bob has also created the harmonies for music on todays podcast, theyre really beautiful. It was done and we live with the reality of their presence. of mathematics and the sciences begin with the permanent things, the unchanging things and therefore are less subject to interpretation. What is the relationship between personal experience and knowledge? A specific discussion of the computer as an example can be found at this link: https://mytok.blog/2017/07/29/technology-as-a-way-of-knowing-computers/. Due to these people's different viewpoints of how they view an article, new knowledge can sometimes change established values or beliefs, but not always. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects Second order claims are claims that are made about knowledge, and you will have to deal with these in evaluating the importance of the claims that you will be making. According to Kant, our cognition renders sufficient reasons for the being of objects when it brings forward and securely establishes the objectness of objects and thereby brings itself to objectness, that is, to the being of experienceable beings. There is no medieval world-picture: human beings are assigned their place by God in His created order. This choice of images or objects is your own, but the truth and knowledge in the representational thinking regarding their relation to each other will not be of your doing or making. What this means is that something is, something can only be identified as a being/thing, only if it is stated in a sentence that satisfies the fundamental principle of reason as its founding i.e.. it is the fundamental principle of all that is, including statements made to others. To reckon on something or rely on something means that we can expect it and to see it as something upon which we can build. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? 13. She can help bring that health out into the open. Judgement is the connection between what is stated with that about which a statement is made. You also create a document with the title of your IA prompt, images of the three objects, and you will also provide a commentary on each object that identifies each object and its specific real-world context. Perhaps the greatest challenge you will face is that the total word count for this document is 950 words (excluding references). Useful to/for whom? CT: The Exhibition: A Glossary of Prompts - Theory of Knowledge: An That we do not know in the traditional sense does not matter: what matters is the reliability of the results. From Oedipus to Hamlet and King Lear to Willy Loman, tragic heroes meet their demise, their. Ethics study what people should do and speaks about ideal behaviour. Opinion is an attempt to reveal the truth of something covered over or hidden. Our tragic literature, on the other hand, demonstrates the implications of the lack of self-knowledge in its heroes actions which ultimately lead to their demise in most cases. A central feature of tragic literature in the West is that it gives us a view of the implications of what results when knowledge is lacking, particularly self-knowledge. To whom or to what are we obliged to them and why? 2, AOK: Individuals and Societies: Supplementary Notes, AOK History: Thoughts on Systemic Racism in North America, https://open.spotify.com/show/1qLxnSGpz4EeLeWZqjXmwt, A Reading of William Blakes The Tyger: Technology as Knowing and Making, Deconstructing the November 2018 Prescribed Titles for TOK Essays, TOK: Deconstructing the November 2017 Titles, It is a logical relation between two propositions that fails to hold only if the first is true and the second is false; or it can be, Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. will be choices that individuals in the future will have to make with the know-how that they have. An examination of what we understand as History can occur here. The noun logos and the verb legein from the Greek mean to gather together, to lay one beside the other. What constraints are there on the pursuit of knowledge? This object is a picture of a place that played a pivotal part on the reformism of casteism. The modern experiment essentially involves exact measurement. The roles of the media in its various forms is something that will need to be addressed. Modern science experiences the demand to render sufficient reasons as a crisis currently. What do these choices indicate? the truth as unconcealment i.e what we have determined a thing or being to be in the first place. It is through the original unconcealment of things which allows us to do anything whatsoever: in order for us to do anything, to act upon anything, to stand in relation to any being, it must have been disclosed to us in advance what a being is in general. Ancient and medieval human beings were not subjects: The worlds becoming a picture is one and the same process as mans becoming a subjectum among beings. Clearly, not knowing how a hand phone works is not an indication of madness on our part, but then what is the knowledge that is being spoken about by Socrates? Affects, passions and feelings (the manner in which we conceive of emotion) are not to be seen as inner experiences: what we are concerned with here is not psychology, not even a psychology underpinned by physiology and biology, but . What we understand by our word calculus is also determined from this understanding. The IB should make IAs a part of only HL subjects. 35. Beings as a whole are now taken in such a way that they are in being first and only insofar as they are presented by the human being as the representer and producer, that is, as objects. how reality is conceived. This quote from one of quantum physics founders, Werner Heisenberg, assures us of this: We [physicists] have resigned ourselves to the situation just described, since it turned out that we could represent mathematically and say in every case, dependably and without fear of logical contradiction, what the result of an experiment would be. Does all knowledge impose ethical obligations on those who know it? What is this? Similar explorations can be undertaken in the areas of the arts, particularly the history of the development of the arts. did not belong to Mr. Gates but came from outside of him. In the examples that I frequently use from the Greeks, all of them are translations of that language.